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Assay Method for Levothyroxine
      Superior Resolution, Reproducibility, & Peak Shapes Compare to
      USP Method

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Notes:
Levothyroxine is the L-isomer of the main thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4). It is used as a replacement for the thyroxine that is deficient in patients with hypothyroidism. Liothyronine is the L-isomer of another thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). T3 is produced from T4 and is the metabolically active form of the hormone.
Method Conditions



Column Fig. A: MTC Phenyl Hydride™, 4µm, 100A
Fig. B: Type B silica-based Cyano, 5µm 100A
Catalog No. Fig. A: 69020-7.5P    Fig. B: N/A
Dimensions Fig. A: 4.6 x 75 mm    Fig. B: 4.6 x 250 mm
Mobile Phase Fig. A: A - DI water/ 0.1% formic acid
 & nbsp;     B - 97% Acetonitrile/ 3% DI water/ 0.1% formic acid
Fig. B: 60% DI water/ 40% Acetonitrile/ 0.05% phosphoric acid
Gradient Fig. A:
time (min.) %B
0 20
6 50
7 20
Temperature Fig. A: 35° C    Fig. B: ambient
Flow rate Fig. A: 1.0 mL/min    Fig. B: 1.5 mL/min
Injection Volume Fig. A: 2µL    Fig. B: 100µL
Sample Mix of levothyroxine and liothyronine standards
Stock Solutions: 0.4 mg levothyroxine or liothyronine dissolved with 1 mL 10 mM NaOH in 50:50 DI water: methanol. Working Solution (Fig. A): Aliquots of stock solutions were mixed and diluted with 50:50 A:B to obtain concentrations of 40 mg/L and 4 mg/L for levothyroxine and liothyronine respectively. Working Solution (Fig. B): Aliquots of stock solutions were mixed and diluted with the mobile phase to obtain concentrations of 10 mg/L and 0.2 mg/L for levothyroxine and liothyronine respectively.
Peaks 1. liothyronine sodium, 2. levothyroxine sodium

Discussion

The USP assay method for levothyroxine requires that a resolution of not less than 5.0 must be demonstrated between levothyroxine and related compound liothyronine. A chromatogram obtained from following the USP method using a Type-B silica based L10 column is shown in Figure B. The average resolution between the two compounds over five runs is 2.8, which does not satisfy the system suitability for resolution for this assay. Figure A shows the five-run overlay obtained from a method developed with the Cogent Phenyl Hydride™ column. The average resolution in this case was 5.3. In addition, the peak shapes and reproducibility were far superior for the Phenyl Hydride™ method.




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